An American Abroad

Wheels: Two and Three

Half the vehicles on the roads of Yuxi have two or three wheels. The vast majority of the two-wheeled variety are scooters and small motorcycles. Bicycles may have reigned supreme on Chinese streets forty years ago, but they are a tiny minority today in Yuxi.

Most of the scooters are electric. They whir by so quietly that they often take me by surprise.
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By law, motorcycles can have an engine displacement of no more than 150cc. That’s tiny. The first photo below is of a mototaxi. They hang out at almost every intersection in town and will take you wherever you want to go in town for ¥5 (about $0.80). Note the two helmets: one for the driver, one for his passenger.
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The most interesting and unusual vehicles here are the three-wheeled mini-trucks. These have a motorcycle front end and engine married to a flatbed. Some of them are electric. The carry everything from furniture to flowers. Some have coal-fired cookstoves on their backs and function as food carts.
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There are still some of their pedal-powered forebears on the roads. They’re built to last. Note the three downtubes on this first one.
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Rewind: My Journey Here

A couple of friends have suggested I write about my journey from Detroit to Kunming and the unexpected situation I found myself in upon arrival. I’m not sure it was particularly blogworthy, but by popular demand, here goes….

On June 19, I flew from Detroit direct to Shanghai on a Delta Boeing 777-200. Back in economy, we were all packed in like chocolates in a box, but without the pretty tissue paper. Flight time was fourteen and a half hours. I walked around and did knee bends every hour or so to keep the circulation going.

On arrival at Shanghai Pudong airport, immigration was routine. An official looked through my passport and my Chinese visa, took my picture, and stamped me into the People’s Republic. Customs were nonexistent as far as I was concerned; I simply followed the line of people with nothing to declare and walked right through without being searched or even questioned. The whole process was remarkably streamlined.

Since my connection to Kunming was a domestic flight on China Eastern under a code-share with Delta, I had to take a shuttle bus to the domestic departure terminal. I was a little surprised by the Shanghai airport. I expected something shiny and high-tech, like Hong Kong. This was not the case. In fact, the parts of the two terminals I saw had the ambiance of a bus station. That might be unfair; I was laden with two heavy suitcases, a heavy overnight bag, and a laptop, and consequently was unable to go exploring.

When my flight was called, the passengers were bused out to the tarmac where we boarded a very modern and nicely appointed Boeing 737-300. The flight to Kunming was three and a half hours. China is a big country. By way of perspective, Kunming is closer to Calcutta, Dhaka, Kuala Lumpur, Rangoon, Singapore, Saigon, Bangkok, Vientiane, Phnom Penh, and Katmandu than it is to Shanghai.

The Kunming airport was impressive, new, and gracefully designed with a richness of materials that seemed to be lacking in Shanghai. It quickly became clear, however, that I had left the heavily-touristed cosmopolitan world where English is widely spoken as a second language. And though that was frustrating, it was also exactly what I wanted.

Due to a mix-up in the interpretation of my itinerary, a representative from the school I was to work was not at the Kunming airport to meet me. After two hours of waiting, by which time I had been awake for 36 hours straight, I succumbed to the importuning of a tout who promised a hotel room and transportation thereto for ¥188 (about $31). These arrangements were carried out almost completely in pantomime and via numbers tapped into cell phones. I was packaged into a van with a driver and three other touts. It was after 2:00 in the morning and everyone was going home for the day.

After we left the airport complex, the van turned onto an unlit road. There was nothing but scrub on both sides of us. The van stopped, seemingly in the middle of nowhere, and for the first time I wondered if I had made a mistake: was I about to be robbed and dumped by the side of the road? However, one of the touts was merely getting out, presumably to go home. We continued on into what looked like a poor, tangled, hodgepodgey part of town, turned onto a narrow dead-end street, and finally pulled into a garage adjacent to the lobby of a small hotel. As I checked in, I picked up the hotel’s business card in hopes of figuring out just where exactly I was. No luck: the name of the hotel and the address were all written in Chinese.

The room was Spartan—certainly nothing like the picture the tout had shown me—but clean. The window had neither glass nor screen, just aluminum bars. I looked out onto the back of a neon sign advertising a KTV club (karaoke TV, a popular diversion here). I put off worrying about where I was and how I would get to Yuxi until morning and gratefully hit the bed.

When morning came, I was able to get in touch with the school in Yuxi. Since I had no idea where I was, we decided it would be best for me to return to the airport and be picked up there. While I waited for the van to fetch me, I stood in the lobby and watched the NBA finals on a flat screen TV with a young Chinese guy. We shared a few words of basketball. An older guy came into the lobby with a three-foot tall bong that appeared to have been made from soup cans. He stuffed the roach of a hand-rolled cigarette into the bowl and fired it up. I politely declined a hit.

The van took me back to the airport, where I was met by apologetic school officials. We rode south about fifty miles in a hired Volkswagen Santana to Yuxi, where I was checked into the Hongta Hotel. I stayed four nights in that large, modern, full-service business palace until I got my own apartment.

Looking back on it, that first experience in mainland China was a confidence-builder, despite the missed pick-up in Kunming. It taught me that I can get by here even without a common language, that by and large this is a safe country for travelers, and that even when things do go awry, I am resourceful enough to set them right.

The Musicians in Nie Er Park

Yuxi has generally stayed out of the way of history since its founding in 960 AD. No famous battles were fought here. Yuxi has never been a vital commercial or political city. One of its claims to fame, though, is that it is the home of the ancestors (though not the actual birthplace) of Nie Er, the composer of the national anthem of the People’s Republic of China, “March of the Volunteers.” There are a number of parks, streets, and memorials to him here. One of then, Nie Er Park, is right around the corner from my apartment. As befits a greenspace named after a musician, the park attracts many traditional Chinese musicians every day of the week, but especially on Saturday mornings. I spent a few hours there this morning.
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The most interesting performers here were a 25-piece string orchestra with a vocalist. Considering that all these musicians are amateurs just out to play for the joy of it, I was impressed that they could actually get that many people together at one time. Unfortunately, the orchestra played in the round, which made getting a shot of the whole group frustrating, so I tended to focus on the individual musicians.
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All the musicians in the park today were at least middle-aged, and most were older. This doesn’t seem so different to me than the situation in other cultures, where traditional musical forms are preserved by the older generation but ignored by the young.

Where in the World Am I?

Right here:

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A Walk Around Town

Mondays and Tuesdays are my days off, my virtual weekends. I took advantage of that fact on Tuesday and took a walk from my apartment to the older part of town and back. Walking is my sole mode of transportation for now and I enjoy it always. Here are some of the sights I saw.

This is the Yuxi Museum, which is just down the street from my apartment. Haven’t been in there yet–maybe next Monday. DSC01804

I then headed south into the older part of the city. There is a temple there that is small but quite nice. DSC01818DSC01816DSC01814DSC01820

There are other examples of classic Chinese architecture in this part of town.
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This part of town has many blocks of older streets lined with one- and two-story retail shops. Given the rapid pace of urbanization here, I would not be surprised to return to Yuxi in four years and find much of this gone.
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The walk back to my side of town took me through some of the nicest commercial streets in Yuxi.
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Moving In

I now have a home in Yuxi, a two-bedroom one-bathroom semi-furnished apartment on the 18th floor of a brand-new 24-story high-rise. What’s more, I now have WiFi, which will put me back in communication with the outside world.

It wasn’t easy finding a place this size. Most of the apartments that are available here are in newer buildings and have three bedrooms and two bathrooms. Yes, it’s far easier to find a big apartment here than a small one. This may be because few people in Yuxi live alone—they live in family units, so there is a much larger supply of bigger apartments. And paradoxically, most of the smaller flats that do exist tend to be just as—or more—expensive than bigger ones. One explanation I heard for this is that smaller places tend to be leased by wealthy Chinese men looking for a screw pad or a place to stash a mistress. At any rate, I didn’t want to live in a three-bedroom place that would seem sad and empty for a whole year. I set out to locate cozier digs.

I found them in a three-tower complex on Hongta Dadao, the main street of downtown Yuxi, on an end where the large commercial buildings start to thin out. The place is still largely empty and construction is ongoing. I’d guess that the building is less than 10% occupied.

Just behind my building is an area of vintage China, with block after block of older low-rise apartment buildings housing convenience stores, hole-in-the-wall restaurants, foot massage parlors, and barbershops at street level. These establishments are generally open to the sidewalk and are fronted by roll-up security gates instead of doors and windows. I like this openness to the street. So many stores in the US seem to turn their backs on the surrounding city (e.g., Westgate in Toledo) or to moat themselves off from their surroundings with Acres of Free Parking. The configuration here invites passers-by into the shops and the shopkeepers onto the sidewalk. It gives the place more of a communal feel.

This is a friendly neighborhood. It took a few days and a determination on my part to smile, but people now regularly say hi or hello to me as I walk down the street. I am a definite novelty; by most estimates there are maybe twenty western expats living in this city of 1.5 million people. Across Hongta Dadao is a commercial market district lined with one-story buildings occupied by small businesses generally clustered by type. I’m closest to four square blocks of stores that sell doors, windows, tile, and other building materials and fixtures.

My apartment has a nice living/dining area that looks out through a large window onto the city and the mountains that mark the edge of the Tibetan highlands. I hope to place some nice cushions and pillows on the large window seat. It should be a great spot for hanging out, reading, working on my laptop, or just admiring the view.
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My bedroom has a similar, though smaller, window seat. The bed is big enough, but the mattress is hard as a board. In fact, I think it IS a board. When I first saw the apartment and sat down on the bed, I said “Oh, there’s a box spring—now all I need is a mattress.” My boss, an old China hand, chuckled and said, “That IS the mattress.” I’m currently in the market for a thick quilt or comforter to soften it a bit.
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The second bedroom is slightly smaller; I’m currently using it for storage and sorting. Neither bedroom has a closet—in fact, in a day and a half of apartment hunting last week, I never saw an apartment that had any closets at all.

The kitchen is a tiny and L-shaped, with low counters (for obvious ethno-anatomical reasons) and high cabinets (perfect for whacking my stupid American head against). Yuxi apartments like this do not have ovens, since Chinese cooking is generally done on a stovetop. I hope to find a countertop roaster so I can toast, bake and broil. I was lucky to find a coffeemaker—a real rarity here. My stove is single but powerful gas-fired burner with a ventilation hood over it. The gas is not plumbed in, but comes from a tank under the counter that will last about a month of regular use. When it’s empty, the gas company will bring me a new one. DSC01797

The short leg of the kitchen L morphs into my laundry area. I have a small washing machine (cold water only). I don’t have a dryer—another appliance that seems uncommon here. So far, though, I haven’t needed one. I set up a rack next to the window and hang my laundry there. The climate is such that it’s dry in half a day. DSC01801

I also keep my bottled water in that area—another deliveryman brings replacements when I run dry. The water bottles are carried on a 125 cc motorcycle that has a custom rack mounted on back that can hold eight of these five-gallon bottles.DSC01800

That year-round spring-like climate accounts for the fact that my flat has neither heat nor air conditioning. So far, even though the days have been warmer than usual, with days in the mid-80s and nights in the mid-70s, I haven’t missed air conditioning at all. Eighteen floors up, the breezes coming in off the mountains through my screen windows keep the place very comfortable.

(PARENTAL ADVISORY: GRAPHIC DESCRIPTION OF TOILET ISSUES AHEAD!)

My bathroom has some features that may strike some of my American friends as strange. DSC01793There is no shower stall, just a shower fixture: the bathroom is truly a bath room. The toilet is not a western-style hopper, but a typical Asian porcelain hole in the floor, which doubles as the shower drain. Using such facilities requires one to place the feet on either side of the hole and squat down. This in turn requires supple hamstrings and something resembling a suspension of disbelief. After relieving oneself, the toilet is flushed in the usual (western) manner by pushing a lever or button on the toilet tank, which floods the porcelain trough with water.

There is no toilet paper holder in the bathroom, and so far I’ve been unable to find a freestanding one. Of course, given the configuration of the shower, a roll of toilet paper mounted almost anywhere would get soaked every time the shower was used. What’s more, Chinese toilet plumbing will rebel against the introduction of wads of toilet paper. I keep my toilet paper in under the sink, get it out only when it’s needed, and throw it in the garbage after using it.

What to make of all this? Herewith follows a digression on the Practical & Cultural Implications of the Chinese Bathrooms.

1) It’s not that the Chinese can’t manufacture western toilets; they can and do. It’s not that such toilets cost a lot more than Chinese toilets; they don’t. My conclusion is that folks here prefer the squat-and-shit models. Some say they’re better for your health, and I can attest that one can do one’s business on a Chinese toilet with a lot less huffing and puffing, so maybe it’s true.

2) This layout does allow for multitasking. Theoretically I could take a shower, shave, and pee all at the same time. Theoretically.

3) Squatting spreads the ass cheeks, while western toilet seats compress them. Then too, Chinese asses aren’t generally as fleshy as the American variety. Thus one simply stays cleaner when excreting and toilet paper is not as necessary.

4) For those not willing to wipe with one’s hand and then wash maniacally, carrying toilet paper is a good idea.

5) Hypothesis for further consideration: maybe Chinese people don’t eat as much crap we Americans do, so whatever inconveniences Asian toilets present aren’t as significant as they would be back in the States. Garbage in, garbage out.

6) The Chinese hole-in-the-floor toilets bring one closer to one’s own shit. Perhaps this is a vestige of the peasant pragmatism of much of the population and a greater comfort with the body and its functions.

Over the next few months, my challenge will be to make the place feel homier without spending much money. Being a new building, the place still feels soulless and very white. I’m only going to be here a year, so I don’t want to invest heavily in home décor, but I’m looking for ways to make it more welcoming.

First Encounter with the Chinese Health System

I was out the door of my hotel at 7:30 this morning accompanied by my employer’s bilingual welfare officer. A hired car took us to Kunming, about an hour north of Yuxi, so that I could have the medical exams needed for my work visa.

I was directed to the “International Epidemic Consulting Room,” where I was given a simple one-page health history form to fill out. Then I went to another window and paid the round-eye premium fee that was three times what people of other nationalities are charged.

Once the preliminaries were out of the way, the system pleased me with its efficiency. I had an eye test, a general physical exam, an EKG, blood work, a urine test, a chest X-ray, and an abdominal ultrasound all in the space of about an hour. All this would have gone even faster had the ultrasound tech not been puzzled by finding neither my gall bladder nor a big honking belly scar. After wanding my right lower gut for ten minutes, she was about to proclaim me a freak of nature before I explained laparoscopic surgery to her.

All those procedures done in the States would have cost many times more than the ¥420 (about $70) I was charged and would have taken days to complete. Of course, a certain amount of comfort and privacy was sacrificed for speed. The examinations took place in rooms with other applicants present or watching from just outside the door. And though the nurse didn’t give me a Band-Aid for my arm after drawing blood, she did give me a Q-tip to press against the puncture site once the blood started trickling down my arm.

The only comment made by any of the medical professionals examining me—at least, the only one I understood—was made by the doctor giving me the general physical, who gruffly told me I was overweight. How much did I need to lose? “Ten kilograms,” he barked. And he’s probably right.

Oh, and apparently I do NOT have syphilis. I don’t know how these ugly rumors get started…

Sunday Morning on Wenhua Lu

I took a walk at 9:00 this morning down Wenhua Lu, which judging from what I have seen so far is somewhere between the most upscale and the poorest parts of town.
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First Impressions

I’ve now been in Yuxi almost two days–nowhere near enough time to really know a city, but enough time to form first impressions.

I’ve never been to a city as large as Yuxi (1.5m people) that has as many trees. There are broad boulevards lined with old sycamores and elms. Trees this old and this numerous take a real long-term commitment to grow and maintain, which gives the city a sense of having been thoughtfully designed and administered for many years. I noted that even on a street lined with upscale shops, the trees frequently partially obscure the stores’ signage. In many parts of the world, commercial interests would insist that such trees be cut down or pruned so that commerce could be better promoted–but not here. It’s good to see that even in a country with such a strong pro-business culture there are still people in authority who understand the value of trees and public spaces. There are many public parks–another sign of the city’s long-term investment in public welfare. Although I haven’t seen many buildings that I would describe as beautiful–maybe contemporary Chinese architecture is an acquired taste?–the trees in front of them and the mountains behind them soften their bland designs.

So far, in my hours of walking the streets of Yuxi, I have passed by thousands of people and seen no other people of European descent. Few people speak English, which means I have to rely on hand gestures, smiles, and pen and paper to make myself understood. The people I have interacted with in this way have been very patient.

There is an interesting difference between the way men and women dress here. A number of women dress very smartly and perfectly convey “cute” (for younger women) or “beautiful” (for older ones). They are certainly easy on the eye. The men, however, seem to be stuck in the fashions of 1973, with high-waisted pants and ugly striped polo shirts pretty much the norm.

Even my inexperienced western eyes can pick out the non-Han peoples here. One sees women wearing Muslim headscarves and men wearing flat-topped fezzes. There are also others whose skin is a darker brown and whose faces are rounder than those of the Han people.

I walked around downtown last night (Saturday) around 10:00 and was struck by the absence of vice: I saw no bars, no drunks or drug addicts, no beggars, no prostitutes, no pornography, no gambling. Bummer! I’m sure such things exist here, but they must be well-hidden–or perhaps they are going on right in front of me and I’m just not seeing it.

The school where I will be teaching is housed in a large complex that has many enrichment programs for children and young people: English classes, dance lessons, music instruction, yoga groups, art studios. It’s a very lively place, with women zipping in and out on their electric motor scooters to drop off or pick up their kids. Tomorrow and Tuesday I will be apartment-hunting and will also drive up to Kunming to get the health check needed for my working visa. My training in the school’s teaching philosophy and curriculum starts Wednesday.

It will be interesting to see how my eventual sense of Yuxi compares with these first glimpses. So far, it seems to me to be a very good place to live, a thoughtfully designed city whose people are not so caught up in the need to make money that they forget to be kind.